I recently took delivery of the Fire Department Training Network’s DVD’s on firefighter survival and on rapid intervention When I watched these movies they definetly did not disappoint. Both videos are fantastic and Jim McCormack and his crew at the Fire Department Training Network have done a fantastic job producing these videos and bringing their training expertise from their training ground to yours. I would highly recommend the purchase of these videos to any department that is serious about firefighter safety and rapid intervention.

DVD 1 Firefighter Survival

This DVD should be required viewing for all firefighters that ever don a fire helmet on the fire ground. The firefighter survival skills demonstrated in this video will help to ensure that your members will be safer on the fireground, remember that “Everyone Goes Home” is not just a catch phrase or a sticker on your car…… it is an attitude that must be enforced through aggressive realistic training. Every member of your fire company for the probie to the senior man will get something out of this DVD. The thing that I enjoyed the most about this DVD was the fact that it was kept basic and real world, it was not filled with lots of fancy stuff that is not fireground practical.

The DVD includes the following information:

• Developing a Survival Attitude
• SCBA Knowledge
• Mayday Management
• SCBA Low Profile Emergencies
• SCBA Entanglement Emergencies
• Disorientation Emergencies
• Wall Breaching
• Ladder Slide

DVD 2 Rapid Intervention

Jim McCormack and his crew carried on the great easy to follow format that they did for their first DVD and brought it into the second DVD. If your department has an established RIT team and or RIT training program or your department is looking at getting into this type of training this DVD is for you!!!

The DVD includes the following information:

DVD CHAPTERS INCLUDE:

• RIT Positions & Assignments
• Searching for a Firefighter
• Securing the RIT Tag Line
• Converting the SCBA Waiststrap
• Emergency Air Supply
• Firefighter Drags
• Firefighter Rescue Up/Down Stairs
• A RIT Scenario: Putting It All Together
• Ladder Rescues
• Rescue from Entanglement
• Rescue from Collapse
• Rescues through the Floor
• Air Management and RIT
• Commanding a RIT Operation
• RIT Benchmarks

You can pick these DVD’s and other great training material at:

www.fdtraining.com

Throughout our careers we become intimately familiar with the building construction commonly found in our response district.  Most of the fires in these structures are fairly routine, but there are a few that will challenge our skills and knowledge of tactics, fire behavior, and some not so ordinary construction features.  We all have our own bread-and-butter fires, the fires that present with a similar and almost expected behavior where the same tactics work nearly every time.

                Recently, I experienced one of those not so routine fires.  In the last few hours of the tour, we were dispatched to assist at a working fire in an area on the opposite side of the city.  We located the address in the map book and headed towards the expressway.  An easy ten minutes later we arrived on-scene as the sixth due engine company.  We report to command and were assigned to supply a tower ladder being set up.  We located a working hydrant and hand stretched a couple lengths of supply line to the truck’s waterway intake.  Once the water was on its way we grabbed our tools and staged near the command post to await another assignment.  We positioned ourselves across the street from exposure B-1.  Standing there with my company I began surveying the scene to get a feel for the operation.  The fire building was a two-story wood frame with heavy fire throughout.  Exposure B-1 was a one-story frame, to the rear was a yard and exposure D-1 was a one and a half story frame.  There were two deck pipes in operating into the original fire building, handlines were positioned to operate between the exposures and the tower ladder was getting ready to open up into the large opening where a roof once was.  Companies began stretching into the exposures to extinguish the advanced fire conditions present in both.  I took mental notes of company locations, many of which would not normally been at this fire, but there were two other working fires going on in the inner city.  This fact would explain the advanced fire conditions in the main fire building as well as the exposures.

                Since we were positioned in front of the Bravo exposure my attention was focused on this building.  By all outward appearances it looked to be just another private dwelling.  As the fire progressed, several crews had gone into this exposure to extinguish the fire there.  I watched as steam rolled out of the side windows multiple times with no change in the thick yellow smoke pushing out under pressure from the eves of the lean-to roof at the rear of this exposure.  The peaked roof that ran from front to back showed no sign of fire involvement, not even a wisp of smoke was evident from the opening in the gable end where the vent was.  Just then the tower ladder opened their nozzle, what caught my attention was not the massive amount water slowly darkening down the heavy fire coming from the main building, but the steam evaporating off a distinct section of the Bravo exposure roof.  As I stared at the building, I asked myself “how hot does it need to be under the roof decking to generate steam from the shingles?” and if the attic space was on fire “why wasn’t it venting out of the gable vent?”  Taking a look at the bigger picture I noticed the foundation under the first ten to twelve feet of the building was newer concrete block.  It happened to blend into the old foundation in line with area of the roof where the steam began.  This is when it became apparent that there must not be an opening connecting the original attic with the addition attic.  After informing the IC of our observation the ceiling under this area was pulled and the fire quickly extinguished, however, the heavy smoke in the rear was intensifying even though the inside the structure was virtually clear.  Low air alarms began to sound and a group of firefighters inside began to exit the exposure.  We notified the IC that we were available and of our suspicions of possible multiple roofs in the rear.  Quickly speaking with one of the firefighters who just exited revealed that they had pulled all of the ceiling in the rear and it was clear all the way to the roof decking.  Instead of heading inside, my company made a different approach, we took our tools and a power saw from the tower ladder and headed to the roof.  We carefully transversed the peaked roof towards the rear of the building.  After sounding the flat roof, coupled with the fact that an uncontrolled fire had been burning underneath for some time, we felt it was safest to deploy a roof ladder across the decking in an area supported by the outside walls.  Moving carefully out onto the ladder I dropped the saw into the roof.  Heavy smoke pressed out of kerf with great speed.  After making several cuts I moved back to the peaked section and withdrew the roof ladder.  Utilizing the reach of our hooks we began the strenuous task of pulling the decking.  Flames rose into the morning sky as a handline was positioned to extinguish the fire.  After the flames were gone it became apparent that there was not one, but two “rain” roofs constructed over top of the original roof.  We finished overhaul of the area and took up with a sense of pride and accomplishment that we saw what everyone else seemed to miss.

                So what are you to do when those routine tactics are not working?  Here are a few questions to ask yourself that may help you out the next time you’re faced with a less than routine fire.

Am I standing back and looking at the big picture?

Avoid tunnel vision and look at the whole scene.  The problem may become completely obvious.  Conditions on the inside may not be the conditions showing on the outside.  Good communication coupled with accurate information between the outside and inside crews is key in these situations.

Am I following my gut instinct?

Your feelings based on real world experience and sound training seldom steer you wrong.

Are there obvious signs of building alterations or does the building appear seamless?

Some alterations are very apparent, but others may not be.  This is why we need to have a solid grasp on building construction and the science of fire behavior integrated with the street smarts.  Based on that knowledge you need to look at what the fire’s behavior is telling you and determine your next course of action.   

Am I using all my available resources?

Technology such as thermal imagers are a great asset on the fireground for locating hidden pockets of fire quickly, but it is also just a tool and can never replace your senses.  Never be afraid to make an inspection hole in a wall, ceiling, floor, or roof.  The cost to repair a properly made inspection hole is minor compared to the damage the fire will continue to do to the structure left undiscovered. 

Here is a class announcement forwarded from Mike Chambers of the Evesham Fire Department in NJ.

The Evesham Township Professional Firefighters Association (IAFF Local 4687) is hosting Captain Mike Dugan, FDNY L-123.  The class content is centered on officers (or future officers) and features first due operations at private dwelling fires.

Download the flier and enrollment information here.

Stay safe!

I’ve seen or been a part of a wide spectrum of events during my life. Many of them have involved the fire service.  That’s how it goes when you grow up in a firehouse and you learn the rules, codes (written and unwritten), and behaviors that co-exist with this type of life.  Many of these traits are still held dear to me today and I try to practice them every time I get a chance.

The thing that stood out the most was the Brotherhood.  I didn’t know the word “Brotherhood” or even what it meant at such a young age, but I could see that these firemen took care of each other.  This behavior was visible on and off the job and is the foundation of what has turned into many life-long friendships. 

I’ll have some stories to tell and examples to give, but the Brotherhood will show through in each example. 

I was five years old when my parents decided to add on to our house.  As was common practice back in the day, my Dad subcontracted all the work to firemen.  They would make a little money and you’d get a good job at a great price.  That is, if they didn’t do it for materials only! On one occasion, my mom and dad went to run an errand and I was left with a fireman who was one of my dad’s best friends (and still is today).  He was busy painting part of the addition.  The carpet had not been laid so there would be no chance for an accident.  Little did we know, the accident was me.  Long story short, I knocked over a gallon of light blue paint, which quickly spread over the sub floor.  When my parents returned, there was no avoiding the spill.  Dad asked, “What happened?” and the fireman replied, “Shit happens.  I didn’t see the paint and knocked it over.  I tried to clean it up the best I could”.  Dad agreed and asked if he needed to go get more paint.

This fireman took care of me then, as he did for many years.  He rose up through the ranks of the NFD and is now an assistant chief.  He finally told my dad what happened about four years after the incident.  The paint was spilled, it was an accident, and this mentor of mine didn’t want to see me get in trouble.  This of one of many times that Brotherhood was shown to me by a family friend/fireman.  Thanks, Chief Smith.

Unfortunately, I’ve had three of my four grandparents die in the last six years.  All had lived long lives, but it’s still hard to deal with.  The guys I work with were always there.  There were phone calls, beautiful flowers sent to the funeral home, and many brothers that came to visitations on each occasion.

I’ll never forget the death of my Grandpa (the first of the three to go).  All of our family was at visitation and the room was fairly full.  I’ll never forget the feeling I had as my nine co-workers filed into the room.  They brought comfort, peace, love, sympathy, laughter, etc…all the things that encompass this Brotherhood that we are speaking of.  They met my family and stayed until visitation was finished.  We all went out and ate afterward.  The next day was the funeral, which was going to be extremely hard.  It was my shift that day, so I knew my friends wouldn’t be around for comfort.  I had to sing a song with my cousin and I knew it would be hard to complete the task.  Five minutes before we started, the family filed into the auditorium.  At the same time, I heard an old familiar Jake Brake engage outside the church.  As I began to take my seat, the four members of 3 Truck “A” filed in wearing full dress uniforms.  To say they turned everyone’s heads is an understatement.  This event and many others over the years have kept me at NFD Station 3 for close to nine years.  There have been marriages, births, holidays, rafting trips, a few promotions, and many shifts, but the quality of people has remained the same.

I’ve gone to deck building parties, put on shingles after storms, cleaned rental properties, put in hardwood floors, mowed grass, and the list goes on and on.  I’ve been on the receiving end of many things, as well. 

The on-duty things matter too: compromising on meal selections or the consideration of folding co-workers clothes when you take them out of the dryer to put yours in; swapping days off, so a friend can go to a kids ballgame or take in a training class; building training props that can be used to sharpen skills; or pulling off attack/supply hoselines and reloading them because their appearance doesn’t meet your shift’s standards.  The life and times you share at the station or on the scene seal your bond with the individuals you work with.  As my best friend says, “You did crime or time together”.

I started tagging along with my dad to various fire events when I was six years old.  I made my first structural fire attack when I was seven.  I began riding fire apparatus during this time as well.  I have never stopped since.  The many runs, training sessions, conversations, etc. have made me the fireman I am today.  These opportunities presented themselves because somebody (in fact, many people) gave a shit.  Taking time to care about me, my family, this profession, its traditions, and the brotherhood of the fire service made the difference…and it’s my duty to give this back.  I was allowed to learn from some of the greatest and put the knowledge I gained to work under their supervision.  It’s a gift that I can never give back, but only hope to repay by passing on to someone else.

I’ve been privileged to sit on several interview panels for hiring of new firefighters. One of my final questions is always “Why do you think you want to be a fireman?” I’ve heard a wide range of answers, but the one that normally shines through is the draw to Brotherhood.  These applicants are fascinated by the thought of a second family, a tight-knit group, camaraderie, and sharing good and bad times with a “Brother”.  The idea of knowing someone has your back through thick or thin is appealing to us all, and few professions even have the possibility for something so special to exist.  If you have the opportunity to be that “Brother”, I hope you take it…as the gift will continue and not die with you.  

A firefighter on my shift in Nashville is dealing with a tough family situation.  His two-year-old daughter has cancer and it is in an advanced stage.  I can only imagine the pain his family has and the times they are facing.  Several brothers have taken off to go “ride” for this Firefighter so he can take care of his family needs.  I only made a few fires with this Firefighter, as 3 Truck is the second due truck in his part of town.  He has always been about business on scene, but is a nice guy as well.  I had a few extra days, took off, and “rode” for him for 24 hours on a Sunday.  The NFD’s newly promoted deputy chief (the top guy in the Fire Suppression Bureau, who works a 40-hour week/Monday-Friday) came in off-duty to take a Saturday 24-hour shift.  The Chief of Department wouldn’t let the new deputy chief ride the back step of the engine, but he was allowed to work as the shift commander.  This added an additional person to the manpower for the shift, allowing someone to cover the needed firefighter slot. Nobody told anyone they had to “ride” or come in, or give up time…they did it because it is the right thing to do, and because brotherhood does still exist in the fire service. I had always been very impressed with our new deputy chief, and he has many years with the NFD, but he really raised the bar with his commitment and “never forget where you came from” attitude to help a “Brother”

There are many more stories I would love to share, but I think you get the point that I’m trying to get across. The tradition of “taking care of our own” has existed for a long time, but could stand to be reinforced.  There will be times that it’s easy to celebrate successes; like a promotion, kid’s graduations, marriage, births, etc. But with the good there comes the bad, and your “brother” will need you. Deaths, sicknesses, divorces, break-ups, and disappointments on and off the job will always be a part of life. There will be projects at home and around the station where help will be needed. Be the guy that they can depend on. Sign up for the station/shift picnic or canoeing trip. The life and times you share during “battle”, at the station, and off-duty build the bond and lets you know who you can believe in when you need them most.

So, when you hear “That Brotherhood bullshit is gone, and won’t be tolerated”….don’t drink the Kool-Aid. You might have to look for it harder than you did back in the day, but the tradition of “Brotherhood” and taking care of our own is alive and well in the fire service. It is up to you to live it, love it, and pass it on.  There are some that will try to bring you down….”for personal reasons”, but the traditions of this craft were here when we came, and will hopefully be here when we’re gone. 

This “Brotherhood” we speak of was put in place by many firefighters that came before us, so who are we to let it go by the wayside? Company moral will soar, you’ll form a cohesive team that is good at what they do, you’ll genuinely care for each other, and you’ll find yourself enjoying “The Job” more than ever before. This pride will be contagious, and others will want what you have. It won’t necessarily be easy, but if it’s worth having…it requires effort.

Train hard, remember fallen brothers, stay safe…and don’t let the “Brotherhood” die. The future of the fire service is in your hands. FTM-PTB.

Trey is the President of the Middle TN FOOLS and a Firefighter with Nashville Truck-3

After locating a downed firefighter the packaging and removal process of the firefighter will be the next step. Packaging and removing a downed firefighter will without question be one of the toughest and most stressful operations that a firefighter will ever have to do in his/her career because we are now rescuing one of our own, the patient is no longer a faceless person but a fellow colleague and fellow brother.

After locating the downed firefighter a rapid and thorough size up of not only the patient but of the scene and conditions of the area were crews will be operating can make or break your RIT operation. A failed size up can lead to costly time delays or even worse causing your RIT team to be caught in a potentially life threatening situation (i.e. floor collapse, wall collapse, flashover, etc.)

Once the downed firefighter is located the RIT officer can start doing his/her size up, part of the RIT size up can include the S.A.F.E.S. acronym.

S- Size Up

Not only must the downed firefighter be sized up but the surroundings and location must be sized up as well, the use of a thermal imaging camera will pay huge divides in this situation. Things you want to look for in your size up should include:

Ø      Location of the firefighter

Ø      Conditions (fire and or heat) in the immediate area

Ø      Condition of the downed firefighter (is he or she breathing? Is there face piece still on? Are thy pinned or entangled?

If you do not have a TIC or the TIC is rendered useless due to fire conditions or a malfunction of the camera the size up will have to be done largely by feel. If the TIC does malfunction the RIT officer should call for an additional one to be brought to there location immediately should one be available. A TIC is an asset during the size up, that can sometimes be used to establish weather or not the downed firefighter is breathing. If the firefighter is passing air through the SCBA (breathing) the air bottle should be cold, this will cause the air bottle and air line to show up dark on the image from the TIC. This is not going to happen all the time based on fire/heat conditions and the downed firefighter exposure to heat or fire. As with all use of the thermal imager the user must be able to interpret what they are seeing in the image based on the fire/heat conditions around them.

You also want to get a sense of what kind of condition the downed firefighter is in:

Ø      Are they entangled? – do we have wire cutters to cut them out?

Ø      Are they pinned underneath something? – are we able to free them with the tools, equipment, and man power we have?

Ø      Do they have a face piece on? Is the SCBA or face piece they have on damaged? – do we have a way of getting this firefighter air? Do we have a new mask?

You also want to pay close attention to the fire and or heat conditions around the area of operation, is the area tenable, can we maintain an air supply to the victim and is there extra time to properly package the patient? Or are conditions rapidly deteriorating and we must remove the patient as quickly as possible? Remember the TIC may not give you a good indication of rapidly deteriorating conditions, only you experience and senses will give you a true sense of the heat conditions.

A- Assessment

Once you have located the downed firefighter you will want to complete a quick, proper, and thorough assessment of the firefighter to be removed. The best way to do this is to sit the firefighter up, one firefighter in behind the downed firefighter and on in front. Once you have the firefighter in position you can start your assessment, using the acronym

M. A. B. C. you can size use the air needs of the downed firefighter.

M- Mask- is the firefighters mask and regulator on and in place? Is it melted? Is it leaking air? There is not much point in attempting to transfill the firefighter’s air if it is going to leak out. Does this firefighter need his/her face piece changed out?

A- Air Exchange- Is the firefighter exchanging air (breathing)? The best way to tell this is to hold your breath and get your ear down towards the exhalation valve of the face piece.

B- By Pass- does the firefighters By Pass work?

C- Cylinder Pressure- What is the cylinder pressure of the downed firefighter? Do you need to transfill there air supply?

If the firefighter is found without there face piece on I would recommend utilizing the face piece in the RIT Kit, the reason for this is you would hate to go through all of the work to put the firefighters face piece on only to realize that it is defective and that was the reason for the firefighter having removed it in the first place.

F- Firefighter Needs

After insuring that the firefighter has an adequate air supply you can start to figure out what types of needs the firefighter will require to help with the extrication of the firefighter, the firefighter may only require to be extricated form the environment or he may require some additional equipment and or personal. Some of the additional firefighter needs maybe extensive depending of how trapped the downed firefighter is, some additional resources maybe as follow:

Ø      Bottle jacks

Ø      Pry bars

Ø      Air bags

Ø      Air tools

Ø      Saws

Ø      Rebar cutter

Ø      Etc.

You may also require additional personal to help clear out clutter or ensure that a clear path is ready for the extrication of the patient.

E- Extrication

Once the firefighter has been given a positive air supply we are ready to package and extricate the down firefighter. The quickest way to remove the firefighter is to do a conversion of his/her SCBA straps into a harness. There is nothing fancy about the removal of a firefighter in distress, it is simply a lot of work and there is no real way around it. There are some things that can and will make the removal of the firefighter easier, some of the ways are:

Ø      Utilizing a 2:1 mechanical advantage

Ø      Using your tools to help drag

Ø      Using the push pull method

Remember don’t waste valuable time doing the fancy a creative things the best thing for that firefighter is going to be getting them out of the IDLH atmosphere and into the hands of Paramedics, remember that the more simple you keep it the easier it will be to remember in a pressure situation.

S- Situational Awareness

Situational Awareness is probably the most overlooked part of the RIT process, but it is also the most vital. Firefighters tend to get caught up in the tasks of the RIT operation and tend to loose sight of what is happening around them. Maintaining that situational awareness is a very hard thing to teach firefighters, and it is an even harder thing to ask firefighters to do when they are focusing so hard on the monumental task in front of them. This is where the RIT officer must come in, the RIT officer must try to stay as “hands off” as possible to prevent getting tunnel vision and loose his/her situational awareness. Some things that you will want to constantly be aware of and monitor are:

Ø      Heat Conditions

Ø      Fire Conditions

Ø      Air Supply of your crew and yourself, you may have to call a “freeze” every once in a while and have the members check there air supply.

Ø      Monitor the progress of the crew; are they trying something that is not going to work? Do you have a different idea in mind? Are they making progress?

Ø      Monitor the radio

Ø      Give Command up dates as needed

Ø      Do you need a handline?

Ø      Additional resources? Try to stay 10 steps ahead of the game, don’t wait until something is needed before calling for it…… try to stay progressive

Ø      Is there another/better way out of here?

Remember that the best thing that you can do for the downed member is to get the out of the building as quick as possible, your size up should be very thorough but also must be very quick.  A proper a thorough size up can make or break your RIT operation or it could make the situation worse by creating additional downed members that must be rescued. The only way to become proficient at the task of a proper downed firefighter is through aggressive, realistic, and frequent training.

On this day 8 years ago hundreds of our fellow brother firefighters responded to the terrorist attacks at the World Trade Center. The fire service and the world where dealt a huge blow when 343 of our fellow brother firefighters never made it home to their families, take some time out today to remember the ultimate sacrifice of so many……

In every firefighters career they will encounter a forcible entry problem that will test them both mentally and physically and put their training and experience to the test. The following account of one such door comes to us from Gabriel Angemi of Camden Fire Department Rescue 1, below is the story of the door and the forcible entry operation in Gabriel’s own words.

In my last ten years on the job, this is one of the most bad-ass doors I have encountered. This business had been robbed several times over the years and the means by which the thieves got in was thru an opening in the construction of the roof, so apparently this door is more to keep you in than keep you out. This was the scene of a smaller working fire in an automobile salvage garage with a light to medium smoke condition issuing from the roof at about 2am, and our company was given orders by Battalion 1 to gain entry through this particular outward opening door. This door was thought to be the door that occupants/workers normally used to enter and exit the premises, Rule #3. We were told a keyholder was in route, but were not about to wait for him…

Although these pictures do not show it, (I had forgotten to bring the digi to work and went back to take these the next day) we originally cut a triangle into the door after having observed rule #1 (try before you pry) already. Rule #2 had us not ignoring the obvious, since we saw a pattern of bolt heads three quarters up from the bottom of the door and then the same pattern a quarter up from the bottom, we were sure there was a set of drop in bars to deal with here….

…The last two pictures show the backside of the door and allow you to realize what we found out the hard way. The initial triangle cut was made for speed, in an attempt to push up and out on the top drop-in bar and pull out the bottom drop-in bar, leaving the door primarily intact (rule #4: maintain the integrity of the door) and easy to repair cheaply.

Once the presence of the chain was discovered, we enlarged the hole to the size you see it in the pictures, in an effort to use bolt cutters on the chain and still accomplish what we set out to do. However….

…the chain itself was attached to the top drop-in bar and went up and over a steal I-Beam attached to a framework erected inside the building leaving no visible marks on the buildings exterior for us to notice. Once over the I-Beam the chain was then padlocked to the bottom drop-in bar and the drop-in bar holder, which was drilled out to accommodate the padlock and all fit snug together. The presence of the undetected I-Beam would have foiled any manual attempt to remove the top drop-in bar as well since reaching around it was not going to happen. Attacking the hinges and trying to pry the door out of the frame would have been useless, as would have been cutting the bolt heads that were holding the drop-in bar holders thru the door.

Upon the arrival of the keyholder to the scene, members were led thru a series of other interior doors with varying types of locks, one of which was even more beefcake than this one pictured, proving we had attacked the right door at least. The padlock holding the whole deal together was opened by the keyholder, releasing the chain and the drop-in bar system was then removed from the inside and our fire suppression attack began on a small fire in a big pile of scrapped engine blocks. Our next step would have been to enlarge the opening further to allow for better lighting and space to cut the padlock, and attack the rest of the obstacles until we were successful. This just goes to show how time consuming forcible entry can be, and although this didn’t take all that long to finally get thru and the fire was out quickly, it could have been much more serious under different conditions and breaching the wall may have become an option had the keyholder not responded so quickly.

I would like to thank Gabriel for allowing us to use his pictures and story. Please check out Gabriel’s Camden Rescue Company 1 web Blog at http://cmdfd.blogspot.com/

Door 1

This door appears to be a wood door with a metal door bolted/lagged it, this will cause serious issues with a proper size up due to the metal door hiding bolt patterns. The door has two substancial security bars and a small hasp and padlock. This door could cause serious issues for even a seasoned forcible entry team.

Door 3

The two brackets that house the drop bar are welded to the door, the drop bar is also secured with a padlock on the hinge side. One additional issue that you may have with this door is the space that you will have to work, in the first photo you can see a railing and a wall on either side which may cause issues.

Door 5

As you can see the door is equipped with a surface mounted Mul T Lock, it is also equipped with a mortise key in the knob lock and deadbolt.

Door 7

As you can see from the interior view of the door it has been heavily fortified from the inside, all of the hardware (including the hinges) have been welded to either the door or the frame. It is a double hung inward swinging door which will make it very difficult to force by conventional methods, it also has no real indication of locking mechanisms from the outside. The metal strip that protects the middle of the doors on the outside is welded to the door also, this will make getting a prying tool or a saw blade in the middle of the two doors very difficult. Better bring a saw and a couple of blades!!

Door 8

As you can see this door also has a surface mounted Mul T Lock.

Thanks to Walt Lewis, Ryan Royal, and Nick Chapel for their responses to the post, very insighful brothers!! great job!! I would also like to apologize to Josh Materi for the spelling of his name on the photos.